Tuam Tshoj cov yas degradable yog nyob rau theem pib ntawm industrialization, piv nrog cov tsoos petrochemical plastics teb muaj cov txheej txheem ntau dua, kev lag luam cuam tshuam txog kev ua tiav ntawm kev tsim khoom, khoom siv, tsim thiab kev loj hlob yog qhov nyuaj dua, cov khoom lag luam ntsig txog kev hloov kho tshuab yuav tsum tau tsim. , thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam degradable yas khoom siv tshuab yog txawv.
PLA technology
Lub ntsiab synthesis ntawm PLA muaj xws li ncaj qha polycondensation (ib kauj ruam) thiab qhib lub nplhaib polymerization (ob kauj ruam). Cov thev naus laus zis no tsis paub tab tsawg dua PBAT. Ntawm lawv, txoj kev ncaj qha polycondensation (ib txoj hauv kev) yog siv cov kev ua ntawm lactic acid nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub cev qhuav dej kom tshem tawm cov carboxyl thiab hydroxyl pawg, thiaj li hais tias cov lactic acid molecules yog polycondensed los ua ib tug tsawg molecular polymer. , thiab tom qab ntawd cov molecules ncaj qha condensed rau hauv PLA los ntawm kub kub lub cev qhuav dej. Thib ob, lub voj voog-qhib polymerization txoj kev (ob-kauj ruam txoj kev) yog los tsim cov lactic acid monomer rau hauv ethyl ester los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej, thiab tom qab ntawd recrystallized ethyl ester polymerization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tau txais PLA, thiab PLA nrog qhov hnyav molecular tuaj yeem tau los ntawm txoj kev no. . Tam sim no, cov haujlwm kom ua tiav kev tsim khoom lag luam feem ntau yog ob-kauj ruam thev naus laus zis, thev naus laus zis ntau dua, tag nrho cov khoom lag luam molecular hnyav dua, PLA cov zis tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 200, 000 t, thiab kev ua tau zoo yog zoo dua. Los ntawm kev xav ntawm kev ua lag luam muaj peev xwm, PLA cov txheej txheem kev lag luam kuj tau pib qhib, thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav ntau lawm tau tsim.
PBS / PBAT technology
Cov txheej txheem kev lag luam thev naus laus zis ntawm PBAT thiab PBS tau qhib, thiab muaj cov txheej txheem ua tiav ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam ntawm cov cuab yeej siv cuab yeej technology, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm thev naus laus zis yog qhov siab.
Txawv teb chaws PBAT txheej txheem kev txhim kho ua ntej, BASF lub tuam txhab tau tsim cov yas degradable PBAT (Ecoflex) hauv xyoo 1998, thiab tau txhawb nqa sai, tam sim no muaj peev xwm ntau lawm ntawm 74,000 t / a. Tsis ntev los no, thawj theem ntawm BASF (Guangdong) kev sib koom ua ke yuav tsim rau rau PBAT cov kab tsim khoom tshiab, nrog lub peev xwm ua ke ntawm 160, 000 t / a (xov xwm tau dag). Ltalis lub tuam txhab Novamont yog lub ntiaj teb thawj biodegradable plastics industrialization tuam txhab, xyoo 2004, Novamont tuam txhab tau txais Eastar-Bio copolyester biodegradable plastics lag luam ntawm Tebchaws Meskas Eastman Company, kev tsim khoom ntawm PBAT lub npe lag luam yog Origo-Bi, muaj peev xwm ntau lawm txog 100, {{ 9}} t/ua.
Los ntawm kev sib piv, nws tuaj yeem pom tias PBAT cov cuab yeej tsim khoom siv hauv tsev yog qhov paub tab, thiab PBAT cov cuab yeej tsim tawm los ntawm Juyou Chemical muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv, kev kho cov khoom siv tau zoo, thiab cov khoom zoo, thiab tau siv dav. Kev tsim ib-kauj ruam ntawm PBS / PBAT thev naus laus zis tsim los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Physics thiab Chemistry ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Sciences muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev txo cov khoom siv peev thiab cov khoom siv poob. Kev vam meej ntawm cov khoom siv tau yooj yim zam kev txwv ntawm lwm cov kab ntau lawm uas tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb, tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam rau cov khoom sib txawv, thiab tseem tso lub hauv paus rau cov lag luam kom hloov pauv hloov pauv kev lag luam thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Kev hloov kho thev naus laus zis ntawm PBAT / lwm cov ntaub ntawv degradable tau piav qhia luv luv raws li hauv qab no: Polylactic acid (PLA) muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo thiab degradability zoo, tsom rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv PBAT, kev hloov pauv ntawm PLA thiab PBAT tuaj yeem txhim kho. lub zog thiab elastic modulus, thiab tib lub sij hawm, PBAT / PLA composite tuav zoo degradability. Ib qho biodegradable composite ntawm PBAT thiab stereo-complex polylactic acid (sc-PLA) tau npaj los ntawm kev sib tov yaj. Tom qab sib xyaw PBAT nrog sc-PLA, ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke permeation network qauv tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw, uas pom tau tias muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua thiab cov qauv. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm PBAT / PLA cov khoom sib xyaw kom ntau dua, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm PBAT thiab PLA.
PLA + PBAT yog siv los ua cov hnab ntim khoom biodegradable, uas tuaj yeem decomposed rau hauv dej thiab carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, tsis muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig.
